imperial (adj.)

late 14c., “having a commanding quality,” from Old French imperial, emperial “imperial; princely, splendid; strong, powerful” (12c.), from Latin imperialis “of the empire or emperor,” from imperium “empire” (see empire).

Meaning “pertaining to an empire” (especially Rome’s) is from late 14c.; by 1774 of Britain’s. Meaning “of imposing size or excellence” is from 1731. Imperial presidency in a U.S. context traces to Arthur Schlesinger Jr.’s book on the Nixon administration (1974). Related: Imperially. The noun is from 1520s as “member of the emperor’s party;” 1670s as the name of gold coins issued by various imperial authorities.

argue (v.)

c. 1300, “to make reasoned statements to prove or refute a proposition,” from Old French arguer “maintain an opinion or view; harry, reproach, accuse, blame” (12c.), ultimately from Latin arguere “make clear, make known, prove, declare, demonstrate,” from PIE *argu-yo-, suffixed form of root *arg- “to shine; white.” The transmission to French might be via arguere in a Medieval Latin sense of “to argue,” or from Latin argutare “to prattle, prate,” frequentative of arguere.

De Vaan says arguere is probably “a denominative verb ‘to make bright, enlighten’ to an adj. *argu- ‘bright’ as continued in argutus and outside Italic.” He cites a closely similar formation in Hittite arkuuae- “to make a plea.” Meaning “to oppose, dispute, contend in argument” is from late 14c. Related: Argued; arguing.

salute (v.)

late 14c., “to greet courteously and respectfully,” earlier salue (c. 1300), from Latin salutare “to greet, pay respects,” literally “wish health to,” from salus (genitive salutis) “greeting, good health,” related to salvus “safe” (from PIE root *sol- “whole, well-kept”). The military and nautical sense of “display flags, fire cannons, etc., as a mark of respect” is recorded from 1580s; specific sense of “raise the hand to the cap in the presence of a superior officer” is from 1844.

Von Restorff effect

The Von Restorff effect, also known as the “isolation effect“, predicts that when multiple homogeneous stimuli are presented, the stimulus that differs from the rest is more likely to be remembered.[1] The theory was coined by German psychiatrist and pediatrician Hedwig von Restorff (1906–1962), who, in her 1933 study, found that when participants were presented with a list of categorically similar items with one distinctive, isolated item on the list, memory for the item was improved.[2]

The study utilized the isolation paradigm, which refers to a distinctive feature of an item in a list that differs from the others by way of dimension. Such distinctiveness, leading to the von Restorff effect, can be generated from changing the meaningfulness or physical nature of the stimulus in some way, such as in size, shape, color, spacing and underlining.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Restorff_effect

remedy (n.)

c. 1200, “cure for a disease or disorder; means of counteracting an evil,” from Anglo-French remedie, Old French remede “remedy, cure” (12c., Modern French remède) and directly from Latin remedium “a cure, remedy, medicine, antidote, that which restores health,” from re-, intensive prefix (or perhaps literally, “again;” see re-), + mederi “to heal” (from PIE root *med- “take appropriate measures”). Figurative use from c. 1300.