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In cities of ancient Greece, the boule (Greek: βουλή, boulē; plural βουλαί, boulai) was a council of over 500 citizens (βουλευταί, bouleutai) appointed to run daily affairs of the city. Originally a council of nobles advising a king, boulai evolved according to the constitution of the city: In oligarchies boule positions might have been hereditary, while in democracies members were typically chosen by lot and served for one year. Little is known about the workings of many boulai, except in the case of Athens, for which extensive material has survived

https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1451&context=ilr

early 15c., “sale of commodities in small quantities or parcels” (opposed to wholesale), from Old French retail “piece cut off, shred, scrap, paring” (Modern French retaille), from retaillier “cut back, cut off” (see retail (v.)). The notion of the English word is “a selling by the piece.” This sense is not in French, however, and comes perhaps from cognate Italian ritaglio, which does have that sense. As an adjective, “of or pertaining to sale at retail,” c. 1600.

early 15c., earlier asile (late 14c.), “place of refuge, sanctuary,” from Latin asylum “sanctuary,” from Greek asylon “refuge, fenced territory,” noun use of neuter of asylos “inviolable, safe from violence,” especially of persons seeking protection, from a- “without” (see a- (3)) + sylē “right of seizure,” which is of unknown etymology.

Literally, “an inviolable place.” Formerly a place where criminals and debtors sought shelter from justice and from which they could not be taken without sacrilege. General sense of “safe or secure place” is from 1640s; abstract sense “inviolable shelter, protection from pursuit or arrest” is from 1712. Meaning “benevolent institution to shelter some class of persons suffering social, mental, or bodily defects” is from 1773, originally of female orphans.

mid-14c., ratifien, “confirm, approve, sanction, validate by formal act of approval,” from Old French ratifier (13c.), from Medieval Latin ratificare “confirm, approve,” literally “fix by reckoning,” from Latin ratus “fixed by calculation; determined; approved; certain, sure; valid” (past-participle adjective from reri “to reckon, think;” from PIE root *re- “to reason, count”) + combining form of facere “to make” (from PIE root *dhe- “to set, put”). Related: Ratified; ratifying.

https://www.engageny.org/file/2191/download/the_constitution_of_the_iroquois_nations.pdf

HISTORICAL NATURE OF EQUITY JURISPRUDENCE
HOWARD L. OLECKt
THE function of Equity is the correction of the (civil or common)
law where it is deficient by reason of its universality (i.e.: its
tendency to establish rules without exceptions).’ In this broad, general
sense, Equity is the body of principles which provide and govern exceptions to the law. But that is not all that Equity is

https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1378&context=flr

“surroundings, medium, environment,” 1854, from French milieu, “middle, medium, mean,” literally “middle place” (12c.), from mi “middle” (from Latin medius, from PIE root *medhyo- “middle”) + lieu “place” (see lieu).

A legitimate corporation sole is designed to ensure continuity of ownership of property dedicated to the benefit of a legitimate religious organization. A taxpayer cannot use a corporation sole created to avoid or evade income taxes as a means to exclude the taxpayer’s personal income from tax.

“a right, a legal claim to one’s due,” mid-15c., from Old French droit, dreit “right,” from Medieval Latin directum (contracted drictum) “right, justice, law,” neuter or accusative of Latin directus “straight,” past participle of dirigere “set straight” (see direct (v.)).