Treaty of Córdoba

1821 treaty ending the Mexican War of Independence

The Treaty of Córdoba established Mexican independence from Spain at the conclusion of the Mexican War of Independence. It was signed on August 24, 1821 in Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico. The signatories were the head of the Army of the Three Guarantees, Agustín de Iturbide, and, acting on behalf of the Spanish government, Jefe Político Superior Juan O’Donojú. The treaty has 17 articles, which developed the proposals of the Plan of Iguala. The Treaty is the first document in which Spanish and Mexican officials accept the liberty of what will become the First Mexican Empire, but it is not today recognized as the foundational moment, since these ideas are often attributed to the Grito de Dolores. The treaty was rejected by the Spanish government, publishing this determination in Madrid on February 13 and 14, 1822.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_C%C3%B3rdoba

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty that was signed on 2 February 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). The treaty was ratified by the United States on 10 March and by Mexico on 19 May. The ratifications were exchanged on 30 May, and the treaty was proclaimed on 4 July 1848.

TreatyOfGuadalupeHidalgoCover.jpg

https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/treaty-of-guadalupe-hidalgo

Large Moorish Flag of Almohad Dynasty 1130-1269 – Almohad Caliphate

Flag of Almohads

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almohad_Caliphate#/media/File:Flag_of_Morocco_(1147-1269).svg

https://www.thechessdrum.net/blog/2001/03/01/the-black-genesis-of-chess-moors-of-spain/

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/new-cambridge-history-of-islam/almohads-52466811301269-and-the-hafsids-62793212291526/33AB094C705956528D653C06AA7BFCC2

Viceroyalty of New Granada connected to the Moorish Empire

The Viceroyalty of New Granada (Spanish: Virreinato de Nueva Granada[birejˈnato ðe ˈnweβa ɣɾaˈnaða]) also called Viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of Granada or Viceroyalty of Santafé was the name given on 27 May 1717,[4] to the jurisdiction of the Spanish Empire in northern South America, corresponding to modern ColombiaEcuadorPanama and Venezuela. Created in 1717 by King Felipe V, as part of a new territorial control policy, it was suspended in 1723 for financial problems and was restored in 1739 until the independence movement suspended it again in 1810. The territory corresponding to Panama was incorporated later in 1739, and the provinces of Venezuela were separated from the Viceroyalty and assigned to the Captaincy General of Venezuela in 1777. In addition to those core areas, the territory of the Viceroyalty of New Granada included GuyanaTrinidad and Tobago, southwestern Suriname, parts of northwestern Brazil, and northern Peru.

Spanish and Portuguese empires, 1790.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada