Month: September 2021

c. 1600, “a name” (a sense now obsolete), from French nomenclature (16c.), from Latin nomenclatura “calling of names,” from nomenclator “namer,” from nomen “name” (from PIE root *no-men- “name”) + calator “caller, crier,” from calare “call out” (from PIE root *kele- (2) “to shout”).

Nomenclator in Rome was the title of a steward whose job was to announce visitors, and also of a prompter who helped a stumping politician recall names and pet causes of his constituents. Meaning “systematic list or catalogue of names” is attested from 1630s; that of “system of naming” is from 1660s; sense of “whole vocabulary or terminology of an art or a science” is from 1789. Related: Nomenclative; nomenclatorial; nomenclatural.

formerly also endict, c. 1300, enditen, inditen, “bring formal charges against (someone); accuse of a crime,” from Anglo-French enditer “accuse, indict, find chargeable with a criminal offense” (late 13c.), Old French enditier, enditer “to dictate, write, compose; (legally) indict,” from Vulgar Latin *indictare “to declare, accuse, proclaim in writing,” from in- “in” (from PIE root *en “in”) + Latin dictare “to declare, dictate,” frequentative of dicere “to say, speak” (from PIE root *deik- “to show,” also “pronounce solemnly”).

Retained its French pronunciation after the spelling was re-Latinized c. 1600.  Later 14c. non-legal senses “write, compose (a poem, etc.); dictate” have gone with the older form, endite, indite (q.v.). The sense is perhaps partly confused with Latin indicare “to point out.” In classical Latin, indictus meant “not said, unsaid” (from in- “not”). Related: Indictable; indicted; indicting.

https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/265/144/

https://www.namecheck.com/en/

https://namechk.com/

Bishop of RomePortrait of Martin V by Pisanello

Crusades[edit]

According to Burton, Pope Martin authorized a crusade against Africa in 1418 in relation to the slave trade.^[7]

In addition to the Hussite Crusades, Martin declared a Crusade against the Ottoman Empire in 1420 in response to the rising pressure from the Ottoman Turks. In 1419–1420 Martin had diplomatic contacts with the Byzantine emperor Manuel II, who was invoking a council in Constantinople. On 12 July 1420 the Pope conceded to attach an indulgence to anyone who would contribute to a crusade against the latter, which would be led by Sigismund, King of the Romans.^[4]

Note: The Ottoman =  Moors